How do I get started on this small kitchen?

Your kitchen has good bones but, apparently not enough storage. If you are not using the kitchenette table, I'd repurpose it and use that wall for shelving - there's an outlet right in the middle! You could put cabinets across the bottom and shelves on the top. If there is room, you could add a small island with an extended couter under the window close to the door and use it for a 'table' to sit at. The dark curtains are a good contrast but don't help to give a bigger feel. Go with something lighter in color. If you can, fix the cabinet/drawer fronts. (resurface and paint if you can afford to replace.) New lighting is always fun. And for a fresh look, maybe a coat of paint and some accents hanging above the stove/refrigerator cabinets. Most of all, have fun on your adventure!

It depends on the look you want. My first thought is to de-clutter. You need some additional shelves or cabinets. Above the table and to the right of door look like possible spaces. Spices need to be moved from the stove. It looks like you need to touch up the paint on the drawer to the right of the sink.

You might want to consult some organizing sites. Once you have items organized and put away, I think you will like your kitchen.

Mar...Is this all your counter space? You can use an old dresser, remove the drawers and use as shelving or buy shelves if you have more room. Maybe another picture so we can see the approximate size of the kitchen.

You have a lot of cabinets but looks like you could use more. If you have a basement or an attached garage, look for a place near the door to add a shelving unit to store some of the extra unopened food and seldom used serving wares. See if you can add more shelves in the existing cabinets by arranging items of the same height together on the shelfs. Then move the shelves up of down to create space for another shelf. You also have a dishwasher so I don't understand why the dish drainer. Get rid of it to free up that counter space. Spices and herbs should never be stored near heat. Get a turntable for them and store in them in a nearby cabinet. If you decide to go with Jan's suggestion of adding cabinets, add a drop lid desk area for the mail. Maybe even a filing cabinet.

I'd change the upper cabinets on either side of sink to glass fronts, which will make the space appear larger. Below the dish drainer area, install multiple drawers rather than doors and shelves.

As Jan stated, I'd remove the kitchen table and use the wall space for more cabinet/counter space, which would give much more storage.

A drop leaf table that become very slim could be used as needed, but my preference would be for more cabinets/storage, and removal of your current, shallow depth, narrow "pantry". Consider adding pull outs for base cabinets in some areas. A lazy susan is good for corners if the shelves can hold a minimum of 75 pounds, each, and have a sturdy wooden "lip" high enough to prevent items falling off the shelves.

All of the idea's are good, please do let us know how it comes out !

Declutter counters and cupboards. Get rid of items that have not been used in a year. I believe you have enough space it really needs organization. Lighter curtains on windows, you can get under cabinet space rack that tilts down. If need find a professional organizer that can help you. I had a small business years ago that I organize kitchens, closets etc for clients