How can I make over this bathroom on a budget?

Definitely paint the walls and maybe do a stenciled painted floor! Also paint the vanity! You could go with black, blue, or green color theme with the beige toilet/shower!

Yes paint goes a long way. Flooring that isn't too expensive is the peel and stick planks called a floating floor. You could take that linoleum out and put an updated floating floor in. You can get the planks at Home Depot or Lowes. Paint the vanity. You can even paint a shower surround if you have one. Or...take it out completely and use a shower curtain instead. Replace the mirror with a prettier framed version. You can get one cheap at a discount store like Marshalls, TJ MAXX etc. Paint your light fixtures. Try to add updated accessories. Add shelves for accessories and bath toiletries. Good luck!

The floor should be easy to replace because it's vinyl. I put down 300sq ft without knowing how to do anything. It's very easy. Besides what everyone else has already said don't forget you can break up plain walls with a peice of art or something.

Almost any color will work with those. You can do a greige, which is a neutral of beige and grey but I think I would go with sea salt by Sherwin Williams. Paint the walls and until you are ready to replace the floor, a couple of rugs will easily detract from the floor tile. Test drive a few paint samples before you commit. Choose a nice shower curtain first and let that drive the other choices you make. Paint the vanity or stain it a dark color. Add a shelf that is interesting above the toilet. It can hold the items you have on the tank plus a bit of decor.

I couldn't see your mirror but it's probably something plain. Upgrade it by either replacing or adding a frame to it.

Paint can be your best friend here. Paint the walls and the floors! https://modernize.com/home-ideas/8553/paint-vinyl-floors

Congratulations on your first house! I'm sure you have many projects in mind so I'll give my literal 2 cents worth (aka cheap! lol). I'd live with the floor for now just to save time, money, tools, etc. Get new caps for the screws at the base of the toilet - it finishes it off.

You are fortunate that the fixtures at least all match each other. Not caring for beige myself, I would decide to again ignore them and consider them merely a "neutral" in the room. If you want to paint the vanity base, use DIY chalk paint to make the prep less time and seal it well with a matte poly from Rustoleum. Just get the matte, not the designated "chalky sealer" which is just a matte finish that costs more lol! Get some door and drawer hardware - shop around for what you really love and the size then go to aliexpress.com where I found long stainless pulls etc. for 1/10th the cost of Home Depot for my kitchen.

If you like the post above from Linda, (I do!) beadboard is really cheap. Also, it's light and easy to put up. I actually put it over a damaged ceiling in my half bath. Don't glue it so you can remove it later if you want - just put in some smaller screws to hold it up. I "painted" my screws with a matching nail polish when I finished up.

Definitely put time/money into your mirrors. You can find updated light fixtures really cheap if you shop around. I found mine at Costco for like $34. Make a nicer window treatment, add art and storage to bring your eye up. It will be fabulous!

As to color - choose colors that YOU are drawn to! A mid range blue to navy, mid range green to dark moss, etc. are all colors that will work in your space. Or you keep everything in wood tones - it's all up to you. 😎

Paint, plant hanging above window, floating shelves above toilet, pretty waste basket and pretty shower curtain less is best. Add some art work

Here is a picture of bathroom done in soft shade of paint wth gray luxury vinyl floors

Just saw this the other day. Loved the WHOLE look

https://www.hometalk.com/diy/bathroom/organizers/bathroom-blanket-ladder-44250390

Congrats on your first home!

You can paint the trim of your window to match your shower curtain/fixtures. I also installed a floating shelf into my bathroom so I could put on some trinkets. Wall art helps, too!

Congrats on your new home!!

I dont know how big is your budget but I would for sure try first with color change for your walls. If you dont plan on changing toilet or shower area I would stick to only paint untill you are ready to do more. They also have paint for your floors if you wish to change that too. You could do it all by yourself

I would paint the walls white to brighten it up and try something like this on the floors: https://thehoneycombhome.com/floor-stickers-in-the-bathroom/

Go to the dollar store they have hanging appliqués you could use as a boarder or over the sink and toilet and door to dress it up and bring it all together

Thank you all for the tidbits, it all helps with ideas.