How to paint particleboard cabinets?

You could paint them it might need a couple of coats of paint

You may need a laminate countertop paint kit if your cabinets have laminate coating. If not, then just clean and paint.

All cabinets are generally painted the same way. Doesn't matter what they are made of.

How to Paint Cabinets

Make sure they are clean and dry. Remove the doors and hardware. Mark the doors and cabinets with tape where they go. Lightly sand the doors and cabinets to remove any gloss and roughen the surface for paint with 200 grit sandpaper or a green Scotch Brite pad.. Use a tack cloth or damp rag to remove dust after sanding. Prime with a stain blocking primer like KILZ. Acrylic or water base paints are low-fume and clean up easily with water. Alkyd or oil-based paints require good ventilation because the paint contains solvents that can irritate your lungs and make you feel sick. Alkyd options require mineral spirits for cleanup, but they provide a hard, durable paint finish. Whichever you use, buy the best-quality paint you can afford for a lasting kitchen cabinet finish. Seal with at least three coats with a water based polyurethane. Use a small foam roller and foam brush for a smooth finish.

I agree with William's process! I have heard great things about STIX primer for adhesion, but BIN Shellac Based Primer is the best if you're wanting to paint a light color (for bleed through).

I really like General Finishes Enduro Pigmented Poly as it doesn't require any topcoat and it's super hard. I've heard amazing things about Sherwin Williams Door and Trim Enamel too!

Prep is the most important part to getting a long lasting finish, so make sure to scrub them clean, scuff sand and prime really well.