If you read the section of this article on pruning, It tells why the trees split. Looks like it's from excess moisture. To much water causes pressure and the pressure causes the tree to crack/splitting.
If your fig tree produces greatly, the weight of the fruit will help split the tree. I’ve seen fig trees (and apple, pear and orange) trees with their branches shored up with long planks or other fallen branches so they won’t break or pull the rest of the tree down. Read the professionals’ advice and do what seems possible for you. 😇
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Growing our first garlic, should we wait until the leaves are drying out before we pick it? Husband picked first one today along with our first potatoes.
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Hi Krauss, Here's a link that may help: http://homeguides.sfgate.com/figs-break-open-before-ripe-83004.html
Good luck!
Chances are it was not pruned properly and possible wind damage. Here are a couple links. If you get stuck, call in help from an arborist.
https://m.wikihow.com/Prune-a-Fig-Tree
http://forums.gardenweb.com/discussions/1873754/fig-tree-huge-cracks-splits-in-bark
http://daddykirbs.com/how-to-repair-split-trees/
https://www.sandyoaks.com/the-causes-of-bark-splitting-on-trees/ not directly stating fig trees but could possibly be a answer
If your fig tree produces greatly, the weight of the fruit will help split the tree. I’ve seen fig trees (and apple, pear and orange) trees with their branches shored up with long planks or other fallen branches so they won’t break or pull the rest of the tree down. Read the professionals’ advice and do what seems possible for you. 😇
we cut ours back pretty low each year. It comes back great.