What can be used to keep dust down in my basement?

Consider the source. Flakey walls, vents, and most likely the ceiling which is the bottom of the floor above, which sees the most action that would dislodge 'dust debris'. You can paint or seal walls and ceiling.

So question for you are the walls cement or finished with sheetrock? Do you have a floor?

I agree with Janet! Need more information about the condition of your basement. Whether it's finished or not.

Sealing or painting the walls, floor, and beams would be a remedy. The concrete holding the stone walls tends to flake and spall causing cement dust. The cement floor also would tend to break down causing dust. The beams would just be subject to dust and dirt build up. A lot of this is because a basement is below grade and subject to temperature changes, moisture, and humidity.

yup - agree - paint / seal / paint (invest in a paint sprayer )- cover everything or move it all out... GO TO TOWN! good luck

You definitely need to seal the floors and paint the walls. If you are so inclined after you seal the floors, you may want to lay some peel and stick looring to help with the dust issue. It is forgiving and easy to lay it too. Good luck.